Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research

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The CFIR provides a menu of constructs arranged across 5 domains that can be used in a range of applications. It is a practical framework to help guide systematic assessment of potential barriers and facilitators. Knowing this information can help guide tailoring of implementation strategies and needed adaptations, and/or to explain outcomes.

The Updated CFIR builds on the 2009 version that included constructs from a range of 19 frameworks or related theories including Everett Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations Theory and Greenhalgh and colleagues’ compilation based on their review of 500 published sources across 13 scientific disciplines. The CFIR considered the spectrum of construct terminology and definitions and compiled them into one organizing framework.

The 2022 Updated CFIR draws on more recent literature and feedback from users. As part of the update process, a CFIR Outcomes Addendum was published to establish conceptual distinctions between implementation and innovation outcomes and their potential determinants.

The CFIR was developed by implementation researchers affiliated with the Veterans Affairs (VA) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI).